Click to email a link to a friend (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window), Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window). John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford KG (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. 2. He was buried at Rouen Cathedral, Rouen, Caux, France.[3]. He was forced to raise the siege of Orleans in 1429 on account of the peasant girl. John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford KG (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford - definition of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford by The Free Dictionary Joan of Arc was heavily supported by Yolande of Aragon and Arthur of Brittany, neither of whom receives the credit they deserve. 3). Pernoud, Rgine. He appears in William Shakespeare's plays Henry IV, Part 1, and Henry IV, Part 2, as John of Lancaster, and in Henry V and Henry VI, Part 1, as the Duke of Bedford. In Tony Milne's play "Bloody Bedford", he is the protagonist, facing Joan of Arc. 3 p. 173, vol. On 28 July 1488, Jacquettas 12th child and 6th son, Sir Edward Woodville, Lord Scales, led the vanguard of the Breton army of Duke Francis II at the disastrous Battle of Saint-Aubin-du-Cormier against a French army equipped with massed cannons. [S14] #236 Encyclopdie gnalogique des maisons souveraines du monde (1959-1966), Sirjean, Gaston, (Paris: Gaston Sirjean, 1959-1966), FHL book 944 D5se., vol. He was able to capture the city of Harfleur and went on to secure one of the greatest English victories of the Hundred Years' War, at the Battle of Agincourt in October 1415. Select from premium John Of Lancaster 1st Duke Of Bedford of the highest quality. While he was in France his duties in . John was the third son and he was followed by Humphrey. Bedford defeated the French several times, notably at the Battle of Verneuil, until the arrival of Joan of Arc rallied the opposition. As a mere girl she shouldnt have been wearing trousers and she certainly shouldnt have been leading French armies that thrashed English armies. There was also the small matter of Humphrey antagonizing the next most important man in the kingdom during Henry VIs minority Henry Beaufort who was the Bishop of Lincoln, a key figure on the regency council and the half-uncle of Henry IVs children. 25447, fol. Throughout the next several years, the English, under Bedford's command, made significant gains in conquering the remainder of France. JOHN CANNON "Bedford, John of Lancaster, duke of After he secured a peace treaty, the port city of Berwick remained in English hands and likewise many other towns and cities such as Roxburgh. In the former play, he is portrayed as being present at the Battle of Shrewsbury in 1403, when then aged 14, though no chroniclers of the time mention him.[8]. Refer to each styles convention regarding the best way to format page numbers and retrieval dates. When Joan of Arc was captured by the English, Jean sold all his family silver to raise another army and seized the town where Joan was held. Arms of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford.svg, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0, Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Sodacan, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported, Jan van Lancaster, 1ste Hertog van Bedford, Obansk vlka mezi Armagnaky a Burgunany, , Liste des hritiers du trne d'Angleterre, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Arms_of_John_of_Lancaster,_1st_Duke_of_Bedford.svg. Johns time in France had been successful the French might not have been his greatest admirers given his severe administration techniques- until about 1427 at which point a quiet country girl with a dodgy hair cut, a large sword and angels telling her what to do rather rained on his parade. The shield is surrounded by a pair of banners gules which reverse in argent with the motto repeated four times: A vous entier (To you / yours entire[ly]). Brandon managed a spectacular career from modest beginnings. It is unlikely anyone else put in his station could have done any better. Georgette Heyer's novel My Lord John is the first part of a never-completed trilogy focused on him that deals with his life from when he was four to about twenty. [citation needed], There is a Queen's Arms public house sign from Birmingham[11] which uses these supporters reversed and with an argent yale uncollared on a shield showing the English royal arms at left and to the right six divisions representing Lorraine. Bedford was able to push back the Scots and recapture Berwick-Upon-Tweed and later recaptured other lost English territories. As to Arthur, the English captured him at Agincourt and imprisoned him for several years. Other resolutions: 206 240 pixels | 412 480 pixels | 659 768 pixels | 878 1,024 pixels | 1,757 2,048 pixels. Bedford's coat of arms in a manuscript containing the Livre Charny of Geoffroi de Charny and owned by the duke of Bedford (Bibliothque nationale de France, Ms Fr. The three most important surviving manuscripts of his are the Bedford Hours (British Library Add MS 18850) and the Salisbury Breviary (Paris BnF Ms Lat. In the 2011 Philippa Gregory novel, The Lady of the Rivers, John features in a minor role as the first husband of its main character Jacquetta of Luxembourg. The Oxford Companion to British History. ., La Chesnaye-Desbois, Franois Alexandre Aubert de, (3rd edition. Today, a plaque marks its former location. The French felt there was a world of difference between a mature victorious king and a baby boy they perhaps had a point given the chaos that often resulted in England when a child was on the throne. Reprint Paris: Editions du Palais Royal, 1967-1968), FHL book 944 D5a; FHL microfilms 532,231-532,239., vol. Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. Upon the death of John of Gaunt, Richard II did not allow Bolingbroke to inherit his father's duchy of Lancaster. Despite his military and administrative . He was appointed master of the mews and falcons in 1402, Constable of England in 1403 and Warden of the East March from 1403 to 1414. 2nd edition, 2011), vol. Anne died of the plague in Paris in 1432. He was knighted on 12 October 1399 at his father's coronation, and made a Knight of the Garter by 1402. pp. As Regent of France, he returns to his area of responsibility in an attempt to subdue the rebellions there. All are lavishly decorated and famous examples of the style of the period. There is a Queen's Arms public house sign from Birmingham [6] which uses these supporters reversed and with an argent yale uncollared on a shield showing the English royal arms at left and to the right six divisions representing Lorraine. Alternatively, though equally incorrect, the arms may be her mother's used in a flattering conceit. 9 volumes. Johns died at Rouen in 1435 during negations with the Burgundians who were breaking their alliance with the English to make a separate peace with the French. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of BedfordKG(20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. He dies while sitting in a chair at Rouen, just after he hears the patriotic screams of his fellow countrymen. That year Bolingbroke, with help from the nobility, was able to gather supporters and deposed Richard II, who later died of starvation either by his own will or by force. Pronunciation of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford with and more for John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford. Bedford died during the congress of Arras in 1435, just as Burgundy was preparing to abandon the English cause and conclude a separate peace with Charles VII of France. The play focuses on his role as the last English Regent of France. John's eldest sibling was Henry of Monmouth, later King of England as Henry V. John's other siblings were Thomas of Lancaster, Duke of Clarence; Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester; Philippa; and Blanche. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, KG (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI . Bedford, of course, was held responsible by many of his peers for the losses in France. [S108] #233 Dictionnaire de la noblesse, contenant les gnalogies, l'histoire et la chronologie des familles nobles de la France . [S25] #798 The Wallop Family and Their Ancestry, Watney, Vernon James, (4 volumes. Upon the death of John of Gaunt, Richard II did not allow Bolingbroke to inherit his father's duchy of Lancaster. It is possible that the yale was painted in silver which has tarnished black. Although Queen Isabeau agreed to cede the throne of France to Henry VI, Yolande, perceiving the threat posed to Anjou by the growing power of Burgundy, took the dissenting French court and the young Charles to the safety of Provence. His father, Henry Bolingbroke, was exiled in 1399 by his cousin, Richard II, when his father participated in the revolt of the Lords Appellant in 1388, the year before his birth. Salt Lake City, Utah : Filmed by the Genealogical Society of Utah, 1996), FHL film 1553977-1553985.. [S81] #125 The Royal Daughters of England and Their Representatives (1910-1911), Lane, Henry Murray, (2 voulmes. Hereinafter cited as The Complete Peerage. He was well educated and had a great interest, Henry Grey Suffolk, duke of, d. 1554, English nobleman. Pernoud, Rgine. - John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford. Father of Infant; N.N. John had his young nephew crowned King of France in Paris so that for a little while at least there were technically two kings of France at the same time, though it rather depended where you were as to which one you recognised in public. Definitions of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, synonyms, antonyms, derivatives of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, analogical dictionary of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (English) All are lavishly decorated and are good examples of the style of the period. He was a grandson of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, a son of King Edward III. His brother, Henry V, led a campaign against France in 1415. Arthur was with Joan at Patay, and after her death he did the English even more damage than she had, driving the English out of Normandy. All are lavishly decorated and famous examples of the style of the period. He was brought up in highly eloquent fashion like his other brothers and was well educated. When the French King was unable to raise an army, Jean spent his wealth to raise one for him. John, as well as being a soldier and a politician, was also a scholar. English soldier and statesman who was regent of England and France during the early reign of his nephew, Henry VI. In the former play, he is portrayed as being present at the Battle of Shrewsbury in 1403, when then aged 14, though no chroniclers of the time mention him.[8]. His demise further weakened the stability of the English court where opposing and increasingly vociferous factions now had no one sufficiently intimidating to hold them in check. [5] She was executed at Rouen on 30 May 1431. In any event Henry of Monmouth shook boorish habits from him as soon as he became king and went off to do what medieval English nobility expected of their monarchs he went to war with someone, gained victory and land. However, the date of retrieval is often important. John's second marriage was to Jacquetta of Luxembourg, on 22 April 1433 at Throuanne in northern France. In addition, out of wedlock he had a daughter named Mary, who married Pierre de Montferrand (d. 1454), son of the lord of Langoiran, Soudan de la Trau, and had issue; and a son, Richard. London: Constable and Co., 1910-1911), FHL microfilm 88,003., vol. All are lavishly decorated and are good examples of the style of the period. Elizabeth Woodville's right to inherit these armorial supporters would seem dubious if they belonged to her mother's first husband or to his first wife. 16567. [S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Families: The Complete Genealogy (London, U.K.: The Bodley Head, 1999), pages 123-124. He became the guardian of Henry's infant son Henry VI and became regent on his behalf. When Henry V died in 1422, Bedford vied with his younger brother, Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, for control of the Kingdom. The English continued to suffer major losses in the following years and Bedford quarreled insecently with both his brother Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, and his Uncle Beaufort, Cardinal of Winchester in defending his losses in France. John of Lancaster,the man with the pudding basin haircut and rather sumptuous gown on his knees in prayer, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV and his first wife Mary Bohun. Between 1403 and 1405, grants of the forfeited lands from the House of Percy and of the alien priory of Ogbourne, Wiltshire, considerably increased his income. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford synonyms, John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford pronunciation, John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford translation, English dictionary definition of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford. A daughter of Charles VI of France, she was married to Henry V of England and gave birth to his heir Henry VI of England.Catherine's marriage was part of a plan to eventually place Henry V on the throne of France, and perhaps end what is now known as the Hundred Years' War . The following pages on the English Wikipedia use this file (pages on other projects are not listed): (SVG file, nominally 410 478 pixels, file size: 806 KB). He married Jacquette de Luxembourg (c1415-1472) 1433 JL Medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. No known copyright issues. John (given name) 1389 births 1435 deaths Knights of the Garter House of Lancaster Dukes of Bedford People of the Hundred Years' War Deaths in Rouen Non-topical/index: Uses of Wikidata Infobox Uses of Wikidata Infobox with no family name Uses of Wikidata Infobox with unknown country category Men by name People by name Deceased people by name Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia, A vous entier (To you / yours entire[ly]), William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton, http://www.hostkingdom.net/Languedoil.html#Normandy, http://www.tudorplace.com.ar/PLANTAGENET2.htm#John%20PLANTAGENET%20(1%BA%20D.%20Bedford), Marks of Cadency in the British Royal Family, John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (left). . The Duke of Bedford spent time governing from Rouen in Normandy and carried out the English establishment of control and command of the English military in France. Bedford was declared regent, but concentrated on the ongoing war in France, while Gloucester acted as Lord Protector of England during his absence. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (miniature from Bedford Hours) Born 20 June 1389 Died 14 September 1435 (aged 46) Castle of 'Joyeux Repos', Rouen: Burial Rouen Cathedral, Normandy: Spouse Anne of Burgundy m. 1423; dec. 1432 Jacquetta of Luxembourg m. 1433; wid. ", http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John,_Duke_of_Bedford, http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=93572472. 16567. File:Arms of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford.svg. English soldier and statesman who was regent of England and France during the early reign . When Henry V died in 1422, Bedford vied with his younger brother, Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, for control of the Kingdom. Bolingbroke was crowned King of England, as Henry IV, on 13 October 1399. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435), also known as John Plantagenet, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as Regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI. He was an extremely important commissioner of illuminated manuscripts, both from Paris (from the Bedford Master and his workshop) and England. Husband of Anne de Burgundy and Jacquetta of Luxembourg, Countess Rivers Jacquetta of Luxembourg was well-educated and so loved books that the Duke of Bedford bequeathed her his library. 1389-1435. Bedford was declared Regent of France, his nephew technically being heir to the throne of that country as well as to the Kingdom of England. 11 p. 834. After his release, Arthur persuaded his brother Duke John of Brittany to sign a peace treaty with England, but when the English denied Arthur his patrimony, the Earldom of Richmond, he reverted to the French cause and proceeded to undermine the English war strategy by arranging the Treaty of Arras whereby Burgundy changed sides. http://www.hostkingdom.net/Languedoil.html#Normandy, http://www.tudorplace.com.ar/PLANTAGENET2.htm#John%20PLANTAGENET%20(1%BA%20D.%20Bedford), Marks of Cadency in the British Royal Family, 20. Unfortunately, he was left with such an impossible situation to deal with in France, but dealt with it to the best of his abilities. While negotiating the Treaty of Arras, he died at his home and was buried at Rouen Cathedral. 3 p. 726. His brother, Henry V, led a campaign against France in 1415. As a son of the sovereign, John bore the arms of the kingdom, differenced by a label of five points per pale ermine and France.[6]. Alternatively, though equally incorrect, the arms may be her mother's used in a flattering conceit. ." Georgette Heyer wrote the book My Lord John about him from when he was four to about twenty. Bedford achieved a significant victory in 1424 at Verneuil against a large French and Scottish force. Yolande of Aragon (11 August 1384 14 November 1442) was Queen of Aragon and Naples, Duchess of Anjou and Countess of Provence. Despite his military and administrative talent, the situation in France had severely deteriorated by the time of his death.[1]. However, difficulties mounted after the arrival of Joan of Arc, and his efforts were further thwarted by political divisions at home and the wavering of England's key ally, Duke Philip of Burgundy and his faction, the Burgundians. John's first marriage was to Anne, daughter of John the Fearless on 14 June 1423, at Troyes. This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create or digitize it. Henry IVs second son was called Thomas but he was killed in 1421 at the Battle of Bauge in France. Her eldest child, Elizabeth Woodville, became Queen consort of England as the spouse of Edward IV in 1464. He married Anne of Burgundy (1404-1432) 1423 JL in Amiens. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, KG (20 June 138914 September 1435), was a medieval English nobleman, soldier, and statesman. (Incidentally, Coco Chanel was born in Saumur.). John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford KG (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. She went on to have sixteen children and the knight became the first Earl Rivers for his services to Henry VI and his queen Margaret of Anjou. Between 1403 and 1405 grants of the forfeited lands from the House of Percy and of the alien priory of Ogbourne, Wiltshire, considerably increased his income. The Oxford Companion to British History. Anne died of the plague in Paris in 1432.[7]. Today, a plaque marks its former location. Bedford had been Governor in Normandy between 1422-1432,[1][2] where the University of Caen was founded under his auspices. [S32] #150 [1879-1967] A Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage, Together with Memoirs of the Privy Councillors and Knights (1879-1967), Burke, Sir John Bernard, (London: Harrison, 1879-1967), FHL book 942 D22bup., 1967 ed. He maintained his loyalty to his father, brother and nephew until the day he died. In the last years of Bedford's life, the conflict devolved into a war of attrition, and he became increasingly unable to gather the necessary funds to prosecute the conflict. About John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford "John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, KG (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI." Bedford was the third son of King Henry IV of England, brother to Henry V, and acted as regent of France for his nephew Henry VI. In 2 Henry IV he is portrayed in a negative light when he dupes the Archbishop and Earl Marshal into dismissing their army, before arresting them for treason. After his father's accession to the throne of England as Henry IV, John of Lancaster began to accumulate lands and lucrative offices. Bedford was the third son of King Henry IV of England, brother to Henry V, and acted as regentof Francefor his nephew Henry VI. He was an extremely important commissioner of illuminated manuscripts, both from Paris (from the Bedford Master and his workshop) and England. [2] He was created Earl of Kendal, Earl of Richmond and Duke of Bedford in 1414 by his brother, King Henry V.[3][4]. As a son of the sovereign, John bore the arms of the kingdom, differenced by a label of five points per pale ermine and France.[4]. Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford, 12. He was an important commissioner of illuminated manuscripts, both from Paris (from the "Bedford Master" and his workshop) and England. In addition to the MLA, Chicago, and APA styles, your school, university, publication, or institution may have its own requirements for citations. In June 1433, Jean died penniless and in debt. [6][a] The couple were happily married, despite being childless. preface lxiv. Bedford defeated the French several times, notably at the Battle of Verneuil, until the arrival of Joan of Arc rallied the opposition. Bedford defeated the French several times, until the arrival of Joan of Arc rallied the opposition. In the Philippa Gregory novel, "Lady of the Rivers" John features as the first husband of main character, Jacquetta of Luxembourg. John's second wife, Jacquetta of Luxembourg, was the mother of Elizabeth Woodville, who may be this queen. Historically, John was only fourteen at the time of the battle, but, considering that boys were put into battle at relatively young ages, it is possible that he may have at least been on the battlefield. 2019Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved. He is better known in history as the First Duke of Bedford. Family History Department. Richard FitzAlan, 10th Earl of Arundel, 30. Although Bedford was able to maintain his brother's achievements in France for several years after his death, the situation was becoming impossible to maintain. Only loud protests caused the ungrateful Charles VII to give Jean a decent burial instead of a paupers grave. After Joan was captured by Burgundian troops at Compiegne and then transferred to the English, Bedford had her put on trial by clergy who are listed in English government records and described by eyewitnesses as pro-English collaborators. The Duke of Bedford spent time governing from Rouen in Normandy and carried out the English establishment of control and command of the English military in France. Bedford defeated the French several times, most notably at the Battle of Verneuil, until the arrival of Joan of Arc rallied the opposition. 2 p. 83, vol. He had no legitimate surviving issue. Bedford was the third son of King Henry IV of England, brother to Henry V, and acted as regent of France for his nephew Henry VI. Attending the funeral of the French king would be the first duty for Bedford under his new appointment as Regent of France. As a son of the sovereign, John bore the Royal arms of his father King Henry IV, differenced by a label of five points per pale ermine and France. When John of Lancaster 1st Duke of Bedford was born on 20 June 1389, in Kenilworth, Warwickshire, England, his father, Henry IV, was 22 and his mother, Mary de Bohun, was 21. He was an important commissioner of illuminated manuscripts, both from Paris (from the "Bedford Master" and his workshop) and England. ." 1 p. 240, vol. [6][a] The couple were happily married, despite being childless. John of Lancaster was born on 22 June 1389, to Henry Bolingbroke (later King of England) and his wife, Mary de Bohun. He became 3d marquess of Dorset on his father's death (1530), and in 1534 he married Frances,, A line of Catholic earls and dukes whose peerage dates back to the 11th century, when Ralph, a staller or constable of the court of Edward the Confes, Suffolk, Charles Brandon, 1st duke of (14841545). Death of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford at R Burial of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford. He was created Earl of Kendal, Earl of Richmond and Duke of Bedford in 1414 by his brother, King Henry V. When Henry V died in 1422, Bedford vied with his younger brother, Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, for control of the Kingdom. Bedford was a capable administrator and soldier, and his effective management of the war brought the English to the height of their power in France. [S347] Plantagenet Ancestry of Seventeenth-century Colonists: the Descent from the Later Plantagenet Kings of England, Henry III, Edward I, Edward II, and Edward III, of Emigrants from England and Wales to the North American Colonies Before 1701 (2nd ed., 1999), Faris, David, (2nd edition. He died in 1435 at the age of forty-six at the siege of Rouen. This may be a pun on the German Tier, i.e., beast, or on (English) tears or 'tiers' of meaning, including tierce, referring to himself as third in line to his father's throne and by now rightful king but for the baby Henry VI. 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Please enable JavaScript in your browser 's settings to use this part of Geni history as the Duke., of course, was also a scholar new appointment as Regent of.. Situation in France had severely deteriorated by the time of his peers for the losses in France. 1.... [ 1 ] Arras, he is the protagonist, facing Joan of Arc rallied the opposition #... Several times, notably at the Battle of Verneuil, until the arrival of Joan of Arc for him was! Brother, Henry Grey Suffolk, Duke of Bedford of the style of the peasant.. English soldier and statesman who was Regent of France. [ 7 ] numbers retrieval... Arras, he died at his father, brother and nephew until day... Gaunt, Richard II did not allow Bolingbroke to inherit his father duchy. Couple were happily married, despite being childless, 1910-1911 ), FHL 88,003.. 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Victory in 1424 john of lancaster, 1st duke of bedford Verneuil against a large French and Scottish force is the protagonist, facing Joan of rallied... John 's second marriage was to anne, daughter of John of Gaunt, Richard II did not allow to.
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